The Mueller-Lyer Illusion presents two lines with arrows at the end of them. The arrows create the illusion that the lines between them are different sizes. If you were to take away the arrows or look very closely, you can actually tell that the two lines in between the arrows are the same size.
The Ponzo Illusion has two lines converging towards a point, with two parallel horizontal lines at different distances on the first two lines. The converging lines help to create the illusion that the top line is bigger. As is demonstrated in the second half of the image, once physical lines are drawn from end to end it is clear that the line are the same size.
The Poggendorf Illusion consists of a line segment with the middle of it blocked by a large rectangle. There are two possible ends to the line, and the illusion is that the top line looks like the correct end. However as seen in the second half of the image, the bottom line segment is the true end of the line.
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